Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
clas
←
Proto-Brythonic
*klas
(inherited)
←
Irish
clas
(cognate)
←
Latin
classis
(derived)
←
Middle Welsh
clas
(inherited)
→
English
clas
(borrowed)