Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
chwerw
←
Proto-Brythonic
*hwerw
(inherited)
←
Proto-Celtic
*swerwos
(inherited)
←
Middle Welsh
chwerw
(inherited)
→
Welsh
chwerwddwr
(compound)
→
Irish
searbh
(cognate)
→
Scottish Gaelic
searbh
(cognate)
→
Old Irish
serb
(cognate)