Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
cawl
←
Proto-Brythonic
*kọl
(inherited)
←
Latin
caulis
(derived)
←
Middle Welsh
cawl
(inherited)
→
English
burgoo
(mention)
→
English
cawl
(borrowed)
→
Welsh
llwy gawl
(compound)