Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
arch-
←
English
arch-
(borrowed)
←
Cornish
argh-
(cognate)
←
Latin
archi-
(borrowed)
→
Welsh
archangel
(affix)
→
Welsh
archfarchnad
(prefix)
→
Welsh
archesgob
(affix)
→
Welsh
archdderwydd
(affix)