Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
Ynys Wyth
←
Proto-Celtic
*Wextā
(derived)
←
Welsh
ynys
(compound)
←
Welsh
Gwyth
(compound)
←
Latin
Vecta
(cognate)