Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
Iau
←
Breton
Yaou
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dyew-
(derived)
←
Cornish
de Yow
(cognate)
←
Latin
Iovem
(borrowed)
←
Latin
Iuppiter
(mention)
→
Breton
Yaou
(cognate)
→
Welsh
dydd Iau
(affix)
→
Welsh
nos Iau
(compound)