Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
Gwener
←
Breton
Gwener
(cognate)
←
Cornish
de Gwener
(cognate)
←
Latin
Venus
(derived)
→
Welsh
dydd Gwener
(affix)
→
Welsh
nos Wener
(compound)