Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Czech spát
Proto-Indo-European *swep- (root)
Proto-Indo-European *swep- (inherited)
Proto-Slavic *sъpati (inherited)
Old Czech spáti (inherited)

Czech zaspat (prefix)
Czech spinkat (affix)
Czech spáč (affix)
Czech sedmispáč (affix)
Czech spací (affix)
Czech nespavý (affix)
Serbo-Croatian spati (cognate)