Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Czech
ropa
←
Polish
ropa
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Slavic
*ropa
(derived)
→
Czech
ropovod
(affix)
→
Czech
ropný
(affix)