Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Czech
peklo
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pik-
(derived)
←
Proto-Slavic
*pьkъlъ
(inherited)
→
Czech
pekelný
(affix)
→
Polish
piekło
(cognate)