Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Celtic
*stratos
→
English
strath
(derived)
→
Welsh
Ystradwel
(derived)
→
Scottish Gaelic
srath
(inherited)
→
Latin
stratus
(cognate)