Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
tronar
←
Spanish
tronar
(cognate)
←
French
tonner
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*(s)tenh₂-
(derived)
←
Italian
tuonare
(cognate)
←
Latin
tonāre
(inherited)
←
Latin
tonō
(mention)
←
Latin
tonitrus
(mention)
←
Latin
(mention)
←
Occitan
tronar
(cognate)
←
Old Occitan
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
troar
(cognate)
→
Catalan
tronera
(affix)
→
Occitan
tronar
(cognate)