Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
palanca
←
Ancient Greek
φάλαγξ
(derived)
←
Latin
phalanga
(inherited)
→
Catalan
falange
(mention)
→
Catalan
apalancar
(affix)
→
Occitan
palanca
(cognate)