Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
nau
←
Proto-Indo-European
*néh₂us
(inherited)
←
Latin
navis
(inherited)
→
Catalan
astronau
(prefix)
→
Spanish
nao
(borrowed)
→
Portuguese
nau
(borrowed)