Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
madur
←
Spanish
maduro
(cognate)
←
French
mûr
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*meh₂-
(derived)
←
Latin
mātūrus
(inherited)
←
Occitan
madur
(cognate)
←
Old Occitan
(inherited)
→
Catalan
maduresa
(suffix)