Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
impermeable
←
Catalan
in-
(affix)
←
Catalan
permeable
(affix)
←
Latin
impermeābilis
(derived)
→
Catalan
impermeabilitzar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
impermeável
(cognate)