Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
gola
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷel-
(derived)
←
Latin
gula
(inherited)
←
Old Occitan
gola
(inherited)
→
Catalan
engolir
(mention)
→
Catalan
golut
(affix)
→
Catalan
golanegre
(compound)
→
Catalan
golafre
(mention)