Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
espluga
←
Ancient Greek
σπῆλυγξ
(derived)
←
Latin
spelunca
(mention)
→
Catalan
esplugabous
(compound)