Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
dors
←
Latin
dorsum
(derived)
→
Catalan
dos
(doublet)
→
Catalan
dorsal
(affix)
→
Catalan
adossar
(affix)
→
French
dos
(cognate)