Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
arc
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂erkʷo-
(inherited)
←
Latin
arcus
(inherited)
←
Old Occitan
arc
(inherited)
→
Catalan
arquer
(suffix)