Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Arabic
هندوس
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*sindʰuš
(derived)
←
Old Persian
𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
सिन्धु
(derived)