Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old English sweart
Proto-Germanic *swartaz (inherited)
Proto-West Germanic *swart (inherited)
Old High German swarz (cognate)
Proto-Indo-European *swordos (derived)
Old Norse svartr (cognate)
Old Dutch swart (cognate)
Old Frisian swart (cognate)
Old Saxon swart (cognate)

English swart (inherited)
English swarthy (derived)
Old English blæc (link)
Old English sweartian (suffix)
Old English hræfnsweart (compound)
Old English sweartnes (affix)
Old English colsweart (compound)
Middle English swart (inherited)
Middle English swerte (inherited)
Old High German swarz (cognate)
Old Norse svartr (cognate)
Scots swart (inherited)