Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old English
roccian
←
Proto-Germanic
*rukkōną
(inherited)
→
English
rock
(inherited)
→
English
rocky
(inherited)
→
English
rog
(inherited)
→
German
rücken
(cognate)
→
Albanian
rrok
(cognate)