Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old English
racente
←
Proto-Germanic
*rakentǭ
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*reǵ-
(derived)
→
English
rackle
(cognate)
→
English
rackan
(inherited)
→
Old English
racenteag
(compound)