Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old English neoþan
Proto-Germanic *niþanē (inherited)

English neath (inherited)
Old English bineoþan (prefix)
Old English underneoþan (prefix)
Old English neoþeweard (affix)
Old High German nidana (cognate)
Old Norse neðan (cognate)