Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old English hlæw
Proto-Germanic *hlaiwaz (derived)
Proto-Indo-European *ḱloy-wo-s (derived)
Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (mention)

English Lewes (derived)
English Harlow (inherited)