Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old English hīew

→ English color (cognate)
→ English hue (inherited)
→ Old English hiewian (affix)
→ Middle English hewe (inherited)
→ Irish ceo (cognate)
→ Old Norse hý (cognate)
→ Sanskrit श्याव (cognate)