Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old English dumb
Proto-West Germanic *dumb (derived)
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (root)

English dumb (inherited)
Old English dumbnes (suffix)
Middle English dumb (inherited)
Old High German tumb (cognate)