Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old English
dugan
←
Proto-West Germanic
*dugan
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dʰewgʰ-
(root)
→
English
dow
(inherited)
→
English
dought
(mention)
→
English
dog
(cognate)
→
English
Dowden
(mention)
→
German
taugen
(cognate)
→
Middle English
douen
(inherited)
→
Middle English
dowen
(inherited)
→
Old High German
tugan
(cognate)
→
Old Saxon
dugan
(cognate)
→
Sanskrit
दोग्धि
(cognate)