Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Old English dēaf

→ English deaf (inherited)
→ English dowf (cognate)
→ Middle English deef (inherited)
→ Old High German toub (cognate)
→ Old Norse daufr (mention)
→ Scots deif (derived)
→ Scots deef (inherited)