Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old English
byrla
←
English
barrel
(link)
←
Proto-Germanic
*birilô
(inherited)
←
Old High German
birila
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰer-
(root)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰer-
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰrē-
(mention)
→
English
barrel
(cognate)
→
Old French
baril
(cognate)